(1)Mokelikeli oa chlorine o bolaeang likokoana-hloko
Melemo:
Mokelikeli oa chlorine o na le theko e tlaase le mohloli o bonolo oa thepa; Ha o hloke lisebelisoa tse kholo; Ho bonolo ho sebetsa, ha palo ea metsi a phekoloang e le khōlō, litšenyehelo tsa phekolo ka 'mele oa metsi li fokotsehile; Ka mor'a ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa chlorine, metsi a ka boloka palo e itseng ea chlorine e setseng ka nako e telele, kahoo e na le bokhoni ba ho thibela likokoana-hloko tse tsoelang pele, 'me phello ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko e ntle; Khlorine disinfection e na le nalane e telele, boiphihlelo bo eketsehileng, ke mokhoa o batlang o holile oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
Mefokolo:
Mokelikeli oa chlorine o chefo haholo ebile ha o fetohe, hang ha sebaka sa ho lutla se le seholo, tekanyo ea kotsi e tebile; Ho na le kotsi ea ho lutla nakong ea lipalangoang, polokelo le tšebeliso; Bothata ba ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka lihlahisoa, ka mor'a ho sebelisoa ha metsi a chlorine disinfection, hangata ho hlahisa metsoako ea halogenated organic compounds le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa disinfection, e tla ba kotsi ho 'mele oa motho; E na le histori e telele ea tšebeliso, e bakang ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi, 'me tšebeliso e kholo ea metsi a chlorine e boetse e tlisa tšilafalo ea tikoloho le ho khothalletsa mafu a batho; Mokhoa oa ho thibela likokoana-hloko o le mong, o ke keng oa bolaea Giardia le Cryptosporidium ka katleho, 'me phello ea likokoana-hloko le li-fungus e fokola. Botsitso ba tlhaho ba metsi a nooang.
Mokhoa oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko:
Ka ho reka chlorine ea mokelikeli e ka makotikoting, mouoane oa tlhaho/mouoane o mofafatsa chlorine ea khase, ka sistimi ea chlorine ho kena metsing bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
Sistimi ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko e kenyelletsa: polokelo ea chlorine ea lehae, kamore ea ho eketsa chlorine, kamore ea ho monya ha chlorine, letamo la ho ikopanya, joalo-joalo. Thepa e kenyelletsa libotlolo tsa chlorine, bese, vacuum regulator, mochini o eketsang chlorine, ejector ea metsi, metara e setseng ea chlorine, sesebelisoa sa ho monya ha chlorine leakage. , joalo-joalo.
Hona joale, mokhoa oa ho thibela likokoana-hloko o sebelisoa haholo-holo limela tse kholo tsa metsi.
(2)Sodium hypochlorite disinfection
Melemo:
E na le phello e tsoelang pele ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko ea masala a chlorine, ts'ebetso e bonolo, e sireletsehileng le e bonolo ho feta chlorine ea metsi; Theko ea tšebeliso e phahame ho feta chlorine ea metsi, empa e tlase ho feta phofo e soeufatsang; E na le phello e ntle ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko ho feta metsi a chlorine.
Mefokolo:
Tharollo ea sodium hypochlorite ha e bonolo ho bolokoa nako e telele (nako e sebetsang e ka bang selemo se le seng). Ho feta moo, ho hlokahala palo e kholo ea lijana ho reka fekthering, e leng boima ebile e le tšitiso ho e tsamaisa. Ho feta moo, lihlahisoa tsa indasteri li na le litšila tse itseng, 'me tharollo ea tharollo e phahame ebile e fetoha le maemo. Thepa e nyane mme tšebeliso e thibetsoe; E tlameha ho ja palo e kholo ea motlakase le letsoai, 'me chlorine ea metsi e ka hlahisa chloride ea organic le tatso ea chlorophenol; Sodium hypochlorite e bonolo ho senyeha, ho eketsa hypochlorite ea sodium e na le monyetla oa ho eketsa lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho (chlorate, hypochlorite le bromate); Phahamiso e phahameng ea lithethefatsi, ho bonolo ho hlahisa khanyetso ea lithethefatsi; E na le phello e fokolang ho li-ion tsa tšepe, chefo e setseng, chlorophenol benzene le metsoako e meng ea lik'hemik'hale. E senya thepa, e senya tikoloho ebile ha e na tikoloho.
Mokhoa oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko:
Tharollo ea sodium hypochlorite e ile ea lokisoa kapa ea rekoa setšeng ebe e kenngoa ka metsing ka pompo ea dosing bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
Hona joale, mokhoa ona oa ho thibela likokoana-hloko o sebelisoa haholo-holo litsing tse nyenyane tsa phekolo ea metsi (1T / h).
(3)ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka chlorine dioxide
Melemo:
Phello ea likokoana-hloko e ntle, tekanyo e nyane, phello e potlakile, phello ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko e nka nako e telele, e ka boloka tekanyo e setseng ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko; Oxidation e matla, e ka senya sebopeho sa lisele, 'me e ka senya protozoa, spores, hlobo, algae le biofilms ka katleho; E ka laola ka nako e le 'ngoe tšepe ea metsi, manganese, mmala, tatso, monko; E anngoe ke mocheso le pH, mefuta ea pH ea ts'ebeliso ke 6-10, ha e amehe ke bothata ba metsi le bongata ba letsoai; Ha e hlahise trihalomethanes le haloacetic acid le lihlahisoa tse ling, 'me e ka oxidize metsoako e mengata ea lintho tse phelang, kahoo e fokotsa chefo le thepa ea mutagenic ea metsi le litšobotsi tse ling; Chlorine dioxide e sebelisoa ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka metsing. Ha mahloriso a eona a le 0.5-1mg/L, e ka bolaea 99% ea libaktheria metsing ka hare ho motsotso o le mong. Phello ea eona ea sterilization ke makhetlo a 10 a khase ea chlorine, makhetlo a 2 a sodium hypochlorite, 'me matla a eona a ho thibela likokoana-hloko a boetse a phahame ka makhetlo a 3 ho feta chlorine le makhetlo a 1,9 ho feta ozone.
Mefokolo:
Chlorine dioxide disinfection e hlahisa li-inorganic disinfection by-products, chlorite ion (ClO2-) le chlorate ion (ClO3-), le chlorine dioxide ka boeona le eona e kotsi, haholo-holo ha e le maemong a holimo. ClO2- le ClO3- li kotsi ho lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, li ka kena-kenana le ho monya le metabolism ea iodine, 'me li ka phahamisa k'holeseterole maling; Ntle le moo, ts'ebetso ea ho lokisa chlorine dioxide e tsitsitseng e thata haholo mme mokelikeli oa litšila oa tsoa. Acivator ea acid e ea hlokahala ho fihlela phello e ntle ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko ha e sebelisoa. Ho boetse ho na le mathata a botekgeniki ha ho lokisoa le ho sebelisoa, joalo ka ts'ebetso e rarahaneng ea chlorine dioxide, theko e phahameng ea reagent le bohloeki bo tlase. Ho na le likotsi tse kholo tsa polokeho ho lipalangoang, polokelong le tlhahisong ea lisebelisoa tse tala tse hlokahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea chlorine dioxide. Hydrochloric acid e le thepa e tala ea methamphetamine, ho lekola botsoa ho tla tlisa kotsi ea tlhahiso ea meth.
Mokhoa oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko:
Khase e tsoakiloeng ea chlorine dioxide/chlorine e hlahisoa ke jenereithara ea masimong ebe e kenngoa ka metsing ka ejector ea metsi bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
Sistimi ea disinfection e kenyelletsa: moaho oa lehae o na le polokelo ea thepa e tala, kamore ea lisebelisoa, letamo la ho ikopanya, joalo-joalo, lisebelisoa li na le tanka ea polokelo ea thepa e tala, jenereithara ea chlorine dioxide, ejector ea metsi, jj.
Hona joale, mokhoa oa ho thibela likokoana-hloko o sebelisoa haholo-holo limela tsa metsi tse nyenyane le tse mahareng. Ka lebaka la mabaka a tekheniki, sekala sa lisebelisoa ha se khone ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa limela tse kholo tsa metsi.
(4)Tšoaetso ea ozone
Melemo:
Phello e ntle ea sterilization, tekanyo e fokolang (0.1% e ka ba), ketso e potlakileng, thuso ea coagulation; E ka laola ka nako e le 'ngoe tšepe ea metsi, manganese, mmala, tatso, monko. Ha ho phetoho ea boleng ba metsi; Ha ho na halogenated disinfection by-lihlahisoa; Ha e amehe haholo ke pH, mocheso oa metsi le litaba tsa ammonia; Ho feta setso chlorine disinfectant disinfection e le hantle molemo; Ha ho tšebeliso ea matla, ts'ebetso e bonolo
Mefokolo:
Limolek'hule tsa Ozone ha li tsitsitse ebile li bonolo ho itšeha ka botsona, 'me nako ea ho boloka metsing e khuts'oane haholo, e ka tlase ho metsotso e 30. Ozone disinfection e hlahisa bromate, bromate, aldehydes, ketone le carboxylic acid by-products, tseo har'a tsona bromate le bromate li boletsoeng ka litekanyetso tsa boleng ba metsi, aldehydes, ketones le carboxylic acid by-products ke metsoako e meng e kotsi bophelong, kahoo ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa ozone ho. tšebeliso e fokolang; Ho rarahana ha tlhahiso, theko e phahameng; Bakeng sa tsamaiso ea marang-rang ea liphaephe tse kholo le tse mahareng, chlorine e tlameha ho tšeptjoa ho boloka phello e tsoelang pele ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko ho marang-rang a liphaephe ha ho sebelisoa ozone disinfection; Disinfection e na le khetho e itseng, joalo ka penicillin, chloramphenicol e na le khanyetso e itseng ho ozone, e hloka nako e telele ho e bolaea; Hobane matla a eona a oxidation ke 2.07, e khona ho phekola 60-70% feela ea phycotoxin, 'me e na le phello e fokolang ho metsoako e mengata ea lik'hemik'hale tse hanang. E na le phello e itseng ea kutu ho rabara ea tlhaho kapa lihlahisoa tsa rabara tsa tlhaho kapa lihlahisoa tsa koporo (ka pel'a metsi le khase). Ha jenereithara ea ozone e sebetsa, khase e tukang e fetang moeli oa ho phatloha ha ea lokela ho hlahisoa. Ho kenella ha ozone ho fokola, 'me matla a ho bolaea libaktheria ka hare ho ntho a tlaase
Mokhoa oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko:
Ozone e hlahisoa ke jenereithara ea tšimo ebe e kenngoa ka metsing ka sekoaelo sa moea sa lesela kapa ente ea metsi bakeng sa ho thibela likokoana-hloko le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.
Sistimi ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko e kenyelletsa: kamore ea tlhahiso ea ozone ea lehae, letamo la ho ikopanya, joalo-joalo, lisebelisoa li na le mohloli oa moea, jenereithara ea ozone, sesebelisoa sa ente ea ozone, sesebelisoa sa timetso ea khase e tsoang, sesebelisoa sa ho beha leihlo le sistimi ea taolo ea motlakase, jj.
Hajoale, mokhoa oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko o sebelisoa haholo semeleng sa metsi a hloekileng, hape o sebelisoa hangata ho hloekisa metsi a pompo le likhoerekhoere libakeng tse tsoetseng pele China.
(5)Chloramine disinfection
Melemo:
Lihlahisoa tsa likokoana-hloko li fokotsehile haholo ho feta chlorine ea metsi, eo har'a eona tlhahiso ea haloacetic acid e fokotsehileng ka 90%, tlhahiso ea trihalomethanes e fokotsehile ka 70%; E ka tšoarella nako e telele ka har'a marang-rang a liphaephe 'me ka katleho e laola ho ata ha libaktheria ka har'a marang-rang a pipe.
Mefokolo:
Nako e telele ea karabelo, ketso e liehang; Phello ea ho bolaea ea Giardia le Cryptosporidium ha e ntle; E ka 'na ea e-ba le karabelo e chefo ho lefutso le futsitsoeng.
(6)Disinfection ka potassium monopersultate motsoako letsoai
Melemo:
Sebolaea-mafu se sa cheng le se sa phatloheng se hlola ho lutla, ho phethoha, ho phatloha le ho bola ha likokoana-hloko tse ling likarolong tse ngata tse kang tlhahiso, lipalangoang, polokelo le tšebeliso. Boloka mocheso oa kamore ho fihlela lilemo tse peli; Ea pele Chaena ha e na chlorine 'me e sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng ea oksijene e sebetsang e le likaroloana tsa bactericidal, e leng eona e felisang tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka chlorine le ho fokotsa haholo phello e tebileng ea lihlahisoa tsa setso tse bolaeang likokoana-hloko bophelong ba batho (ho kenyeletsoa carcinogenesis le chefo ea ho tsoala). Tsela e ikhethang le e phethahetseng ea potoloho ea ketane e etsa hore sehlahisoa se tsoele pele ho hlahisa palo e kholo ea metsoako e sebetsang ka mor'a ho kena ka metsing, ho etsa bonnete ba hore karolo e setseng ea metsoako e sebetsang 'meleng oa metsi oa sebolaya-mafu ha e fokotsehe; Ho ba teng ha mefuta e fapaneng ea metsoako e sebetsang ha ho matlafatse bokhoni ba bactericidal feela, empa hape ho eketsa bongata ba likokoana-hloko, ho netefatsa hore ho thibela likokoana-hloko le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko tse sa tšoaneng tsa pathogenic ntle le libaktheria. Ha e amehe hanyane ke mocheso, boleng ba pH le lintlha tse ling; E na le bokhoni bo matla haholo ba ho tsoela pele ho etsa sterilization; Matla a oxidation ea thepa phala lerako passivation, lelefatsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea thepa; Ho bonolo ho eketsa le ho boloka, litšenyehelo tse tlase tse akaretsang;
Mefokolo:
E senya ho isa bohōleng bo itseng 'me ha e kopane le lintho tsa alkaline.
Nako ea poso: Sep-19-2022